Aeroplane.



I. COVINO.

AEROPLANE. APPLICATION man ocnzs. 1911.

Emma Mar. 12, 1918;

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l. COVINO.

AEROPLANE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 25, 1917- I 1,%59,O83, Emma Mar; 12, 1918.

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AEROPLANE.

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Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Mal". 1.2, 191$.

1 Application filed October 25, 1917. Serial No. 198,529.

' The objects I have in View are the follow-- lo produce an aeroplane ofthe multiplane type.

To produce an aeroplane of the tractor and after propulsion type with amultimotive power svstem.

To produce an aeroplane capable to asoend from and descend on land orwater.

To produce an aeroplane which ofiers ample protection and freedom ofaction to the. pilot and others.

To produce an aeroplane of the multipropeller system and each propellerhas a separate motive ower.

Finally to prod ilce an aeroplane of large displacement capable ofmaking long distance flights and carrying great weights.

These and further objects will appear more clearly from the followingspecification and accompanying drawings, considered together orseparately.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of the completeaeroplane, Fig. 2 is a plan view of the aeroplane, Fig. 3 is a frontview of the front part of the aeroplane, Fig. 4 is a side view of theaeroplane.

In all the views like parts are indicated by the same referencenumerals.

General construction and design.

In fgeneral design my aeroplane consists o a Two sets of multiplaneswith the usual stabilizers; four small bodies, each having a tractorsystem of propulsion; three larger bodies each having an after systemofpropulsion, the center body having communication for the usual controlof the engines and therefore their respective propellers, the verticaland horizontal rudders and the stabilizers; each of the bodies havingaccommodations for carrying passengers, fuel or other material; theusual vertical and horizontal rudders; ontoons for floating on water, apontoon eing located beneath each of the large short bodies, and eachpontoon also having a system of landing wheels which enable theaeroplane to ascend from and descend on land.

The sustaining planes 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5; 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 are so placedas to form two sets of multiplanes 1, 2,3, 4 and 5 forming one set and6, 7, S, '9 and 10 forming the'other set. The planes of each set arebuilt with sufficient space between them to allow the air currents ofeach upper plane not to interfere with the plane below it. Each plane ismade of the usual construction and has the usual curvature and each hasthe usual stabilizers at its tips. The stabilizers are operated andcontrolled in the usual manner. Each set of multiplanes is held togetherin the usual'manner with the usual vertical ribs and cross sectionalwires now in use for the construction of bi lanes.

ractor bodies 11, 12, 13 and 14 are of similar'size and shape in everyrespect, 11 has a mechanic at 15 who operates the engine 16 which movespropeller 17, and the usual vertical rudder located at 18; similarly 12,13 and 14 have mechanics located at 19, 20 and 21 respectively and theengines at 22, 23 and 24 respectively and their respective tractorpropellers at 25, 26 and 27 respectively and the vertical rudders at 28,29 and 30 respectively; each body is built of the usual construction; atthe rear end of the bodies the horizontal rudder 311is 'located whichconnects with the tip end of the four tractor bodies which is also madeof the usual construction.

Sustaining bodies 32, 33 and 34 are of similar size and shape, eachhaving at the rear end engines 35,36 and 37 respectively and theirrespective propellers 38, 39 and 40 with their respective fuel tanks,etc.; also each having pontoons 41 42 and 43 respectivel underneath at asuiiicient distance so that p anes do not touch water when floating; andpontoons 41, 42 and 43 have attached underneath landing wheels 44, 45and 46 respectively which enable the aeroplane to ascend or descend onland; each body having at the upper section 47, 48 and 49 respectiveaccommodation for passengers, fuel or other material. The center body 33has at its fore end 50, accommodation for the aviator, the usualsteering devices which connect with the vertical and horizontal rudders,and the stabilizers. The

similarly the propellers, pontoons and the landing wheels are made ofthe usual construction.

To operate.

The propellers 17, 25, 26, 27, 38, 39 and 40 are set in motionby theirrespective motors, either simultaneously or in combination, at the willof the operator, in a manner so that equilibrium is maintained while theaeroplane is flying, after the propellersare set in motion the aeroplaneskids along the ground on its wheels, if flying from the ground, or onthe surface of the water on its pontoons if flying from the surface ofthe water, until sufllcient speed is acquired so as to allow theresistance of the air to lift the aeroplane from the surface, by turningthe horizontal planes up ward the aviator will cause the aeroplane torise further; when flying the aviator maneuvers the machine in thedifferent directions at his will by moving the horizontal orverticalrudders and the stabilizers .to

maintain equilibrium, he can diminish the speed by stopping the motionof some of the propellers in a way to keep the equilibrium of themachine; to descend to the surface the aviator stopsthe motors orreduces their speed and by lowering the horizontal rudders he will causethe aeroplane to de- 7 gscend gradually until the aeroplane touches landor water whence by the resistance encountered it will be stopped.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is;

1. An aeroplane having sets of multilanes arranged in tandem, and fourtractor dies, said bodies being in a horizontal plane located midwaybetween the upper and lower planes of said sets of multiplanes and allbeing parallel to each other;"each of said tractor bodies havin at itsfore-end a traction system of prop sion, consisting of a source ofmotive ower and a propellersaving at its tail end each tractor body theusual vertical rudder; each of said tail;

ends connecting with a common horizontal rudder, said rudders beingactuated by the aviator from his seat by the usual means of steering,all substantially as described.

2. An aeroplane havin threelarge bodies; each body having an a tersystem of pro pulsion, each system consisting of a source of motivepower and its respective propeller, and each body having locatedunderneath a pontoon, each pontoon having attached. thereto a set oflanding wheels, said bodies being located horizontally in the same planein which four tractor bodies are located; the center propelled bodyhaving at its fore-end accommodation for the aviator, all the aforesaidbeing of the usual construction now in use for aeroplanes, allsubstantially zontal rudder located at the rear end of the four tractorbodies, four vertical rudders located at the end of each of the fourtractor bodies; landing wheels to allow aeroplane to move on land andpontoons to allow aeroplane to float and move on the surface of theWater, all substantially as described.

In .testimony whereof I have aflixed my signature in the presence of twowitnesses.

I ISAAC GOVINO.

Witnesses:

Gnonemm O. (looms, Romm'r JAMES.

